Tax & Finance

How to File Income Tax Return (ITR) Online — Step-by-Step Guide

Complete guide to file ITR online on the income tax portal. Which form to use, documents needed, step-by-step e-filing process.

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Disclaimer: This is an independent informational guide. We are NOT affiliated with any government body. Always verify on official websites.

What is Income Tax Return (ITR)?

An Income Tax Return is a form you file with the Income Tax Department declaring your total income earned during a financial year and the tax paid on it. Filing ITR is mandatory if your income exceeds the basic exemption limit.

Who Must File ITR?

Mandatory Filing (FY 2025-26)

Category Income Threshold
Individuals below 60 years Above ₹3,00,000 (old regime) / ₹7,00,000 (new regime)
Senior Citizens (60-80 years) Above ₹3,00,000
Super Senior Citizens (80+) Above ₹5,00,000
Companies & Firms All (regardless of income)

Also mandatory if you:

  • Have deposited ₹1 crore+ in bank accounts
  • Have spent ₹2 lakh+ on foreign travel
  • Have electricity bills exceeding ₹1 lakh
  • Want to claim tax refund
  • Have income from foreign sources
  • Own assets outside India

Which ITR Form to Use?

Form Who Should Use
ITR-1 (Sahaj) Salaried individuals with income up to ₹50 lakh (salary + one house + interest)
ITR-2 Individuals with capital gains, foreign income, or multiple properties
ITR-3 Business/profession income (individuals & HUF)
ITR-4 (Sugam) Presumptive income (small business under Section 44AD/44ADA)

Most salaried employees: Use ITR-1 if income is under ₹50 lakh and from salary, one house property, and interest income only.

Documents / Information Needed

Before you start, gather:

  • Form 16 (from employer — TDS certificate)
  • Form 26AS / AIS (Annual Information Statement — download from income tax portal)
  • Bank statements (all accounts — interest income)
  • Investment proofs (80C, 80D, NPS, etc.)
  • Home loan interest certificate (if applicable)
  • Capital gains statements (from broker, mutual funds)
  • Aadhaar linked to PAN
  • Bank account details (for refund credit)

Step-by-Step Process — E-Filing Online

Step 1: Login to Income Tax Portal

Visit incometax.gov.in → Login with PAN as User ID and password.

First time? Register with PAN, Aadhaar, and mobile number.

Step 2: Download Form 26AS and AIS

  • Go to e-File → Income Tax Returns → View Form 26AS
  • Also check AIS (Annual Information Statement) for all financial transactions
  • Cross-check TDS amounts with your Form 16

Step 3: Start Filing

Go to e-File → Income Tax Returns → File Income Tax Return

  • Select Assessment Year (e.g., AY 2026-27 for FY 2025-26)
  • Select filing mode: Online (recommended for most)
  • Select ITR form (ITR-1 for most salaried employees)
  • Select filing reason (on time / belated / revised)

Step 4: Pre-filled Data

The portal auto-fills data from:

  • Form 16 (salary, TDS)
  • Bank interest (from AIS)
  • Previous year's filing

Review carefully. Correct any errors.

Step 5: Enter Income Details

  • Salary: Verify gross salary, exemptions (HRA, LTA)
  • House Property: Rental income, home loan interest
  • Other Sources: Bank interest, FD interest, dividends
  • Capital Gains: Equity, mutual funds, property sale

Step 6: Enter Deductions

  • Section 80C: PPF, ELSS, LIC, EPF, tuition fees (max ₹1.5 lakh)
  • Section 80D: Health insurance premium
  • Section 80CCD(1B): NPS additional deduction (₹50,000)
  • Section 24: Home loan interest (up to ₹2 lakh)
  • Other applicable deductions

Step 7: Compute Tax

The portal automatically calculates:

  • Total income
  • Tax liability
  • TDS already paid
  • Tax payable or Refund due

If tax is payable, pay via e-Pay Tax (Challan 280) before submitting.

Step 8: Verify and Submit

Review the computation summary → Submit.

Step 9: E-Verify Your Return (MANDATORY)

You MUST e-verify within 30 days of filing. Options:

  1. Aadhaar OTP (easiest — OTP on Aadhaar-linked mobile)
  2. Net Banking (login via your bank)
  3. Bank Account EVC (OTP on bank-registered mobile/email)
  4. Demat Account EVC
  5. Physical verification (send signed ITR-V to CPC Bangalore — last resort)

Without e-verification, your ITR is treated as not filed!

Fees

Service Fee
E-filing ITR Free (on income tax portal)
Late filing penalty (after July 31) ₹1,000 to ₹5,000
Revised return Free
CA-assisted filing ₹500 - ₹5,000 (private, optional)

Important Deadlines (FY 2025-26)

Deadline For
July 31, 2026 Individuals, HUF (non-audit)
October 31, 2026 Businesses requiring audit
November 30, 2026 Transfer pricing cases
December 31, 2026 Belated/revised return

How to Check ITR Status / Refund

  1. Login to incometax.gov.in
  2. Go to e-File → Income Tax Returns → View Filed Returns
  3. Check processing status
  4. Refund status: e-File → Income Tax Returns → View Refund Status

Refund timeline: Usually 20-45 days after e-verification.

Important Tips

  1. File before July 31 — Avoid late fees and interest
  2. Always e-verify immediately after filing — Don't forget this step!
  3. Check AIS carefully — Report all income shown in AIS to avoid notices
  4. Choose regime wisely — New tax regime (lower rates, fewer deductions) vs old regime (more deductions). Compare both before filing.
  5. Keep records for 7 years — Tax department can reassess up to 6 years

FAQs

Q: Can I file ITR on my own without a CA? A: Yes. The income tax portal is user-friendly for salaried individuals. ITR-1 can be filed easily with auto-populated data.

Q: What is the last date to file ITR? A: July 31 for individuals (non-audit cases). After this, a late fee of ₹1,000-₹5,000 applies.

Q: What if I miss the deadline? A: You can file a belated return by December 31, but with a penalty. You'll also lose the ability to carry forward losses.

Q: How long does it take to get a refund? A: Usually 20-45 days after e-verification. Refund is credited directly to your bank account linked with PAN.

Q: Is it mandatory to link Aadhaar with PAN for filing ITR? A: Yes. Aadhaar-PAN linking is mandatory. Unlinked PANs become inoperative and you cannot file ITR.

Q: Which tax regime should I choose — old or new? A: If you have significant deductions (home loan, 80C investments, HRA), old regime may be better. If you have fewer deductions, the new regime with lower tax rates is usually beneficial. The portal lets you compare both.